Wet vs Dry Macular Degeneration: Understanding the Differences and Treatment Options
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss in adults over 50, affecting the central part of the retina known as the macula. There are two main types of macular degeneration: wet and dry AMD.
Understanding the difference between wet and dry macular degeneration is essential for early detection, management, and preserving vision.
What Is Macular Degeneration?
Macular degeneration refers to the deterioration of the macula, the central part of the retina responsible for sharp, straight-ahead vision. It primarily affects older adults, hence the name age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The condition can be categorized into two major types:
- Dry AMD (non-neovascular)
- Wet AMD (neovascular)
- Dry AMD (non-neovascular)
Types of Macular Degeneration: Dry AMD vs Wet AMD
Dry AMD
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- Dry AMD is more common than wet AMD, accounting for 85-90% of cases.
- It involves gradual thinning and deterioration of the macula.
- Dry AMD progresses slowly and may cause permanent damage to central vision.
- In some cases, dry AMD can progress to wet AMD.
Wet AMD
- Wet AMD progresses rapidly and can cause severe vision loss.
- It involves choroidal neovascularization, where abnormal blood vessels grow beneath the retina and leak fluid or blood.
- This leaking damages the macula and distorts central vision.
- In some cases, dry AMD can progress to wet AMD.
- Wet AMD progresses rapidly and can cause severe vision loss.
Symptoms of Macular Degeneration
Early AMD often has no noticeable symptoms, which is why regular eye exams are so important. As the disease progresses, common symptoms include:
- Blurred or distorted central vision
- Blurred or distorted central vision
- Straight lines appearing wavy
- Dark or empty spots in the center of vision
- Difficulty seeing in low light
- Colors appear less vibrant
Causes of Macular Degeneration
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